For information on Local self-government in India see
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_self-government_in_India
For basic information see
http://www.importantindia.com/1898/types-of-local-self-government/
For a brief History see
https://cseindiaportal.wordpress.com/2012/10/04/evolution-of-local-self-government/
A brief history of Local Self Government in India
http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/66871/7/07_chapter%201.pdf
http://finance.mp.gov.in/rlb4e.pdf
http://www.kkhsou.in/main/polscience/localself_government.html
For Constitutional Provisions on
Local Self Governments see Chapter IX and IX A and Schedules 11 and 12 of the
Constitution of India. The following link will lead you to the constitution.
For Kerala Act on Local Self Governments see the following
For Kerala Panchayat Raj Act and Rules, 1994 visit http://www.panchayat.gov.in/documents/10198/350801/Kerala%20Panchayati%20Raj%20Act%201994%20and%20Rules.pdf
For a list of laws connected with Panchayat Raj Act visit
For a selected list of laws connected with Panchayat Raj Act
visit
For Kerala Panchayat Raj Accounts Rules, 2011 in Malayalam
visit
For social audit see
For more details see LSGD Site
Proposed Research Work
Project Title:-A study of Solid Waste Management with
special focus on the role of local self governments in Kerala
Introduction
India is the second largest nation
in the world, with a population of 1.28 billion, accounting for nearly 17.50%
of world’s human population, but it does not have enough resources or adequate
systems in place to treat its solid wastes. Its urban population constitutes 33% of
its total population , which is greater than the entire population of US, the
third largest country in the world according to population . India is facing a
sharp contrast between its increasing urban population and available services
and resources. Solid waste management (SWM) is one such service where India has
an enormous gap to fill. Proper municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal systems to
address the burgeoning amount of wastes are absent. The current SWM services
are inefficient, incur heavy expenditure and are so low as to be a potential
threat to the public health and environmental quality Improper solid waste management deteriorates
public health, causes environmental pollution, accelerates natural resources
degradation, causes climate change and greatly impacts the quality of life of
citizens.
The present citizens of India are
living in times of unprecedented economic growth, rising aspirations, and
rapidly changing lifestyles, which will raise the expectations on public health
and quality of life. Remediation and recovery of misused resources will also be
expected. These expectations when not met might result in a low quality of life
for the citizens .Pollution of weather air, water or land results in long-term
reduction of productivity leading to a deterioration of economic condition of a
country. Therefore, controlling pollution to reduce risk of poor health, to
protect the natural environment and to contribute to our quality of life is a
key component of sustainable development . The per capita waste generation rate
in India has increased from 0.44 kg/day in 2001 to 0.5 kg/day in 2011, fuelled
by changing lifestyles and increased purchasing power of urban Indians. Urban
population growth and increase in per capita waste generation have resulted in
a 50% increase in the waste generated by Indian cities within only a decade
since 2001. There are 53 cities in India with a million plus population, which
together generate 86,000 TPD (31.5 million tons per year) of MSW at a per
capita waste generation rate of 500 grams/day. The total MSW generated in urban
India is estimated to be 68.8 million tons per year (TPY) or 188,500 tons per
day (TPD) of MSW. Such a steep increase in waste generation within a decade has
severed the stress on all available natural, infrastructural and budgetary
resources.
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